• From our array results Supplemental Fig S we

  2019-10-07

  

  From our array results (Supplemental Fig. S2), we found that differential lncRNA profiling exhibited much greater disparity compared to differential gene profiling in CD28nullCD8+ T cells, indicating that differentially expressed lncRNA(s) would serve as ideal hallmarks. Moreover, we were fortunate

• Why are Tfh cell dynamics so fundamentally different in naiv

  2019-10-07

  

  Why are Tfh cell dynamics so fundamentally different in naive and immune animals? Initially, GC porcine must pass stringent affinity and specificity checkpoints to ensure only high-affinity non-self-reactive cells are selected. Therefore, restricting primary Tfh cells with the greatest helper capac

• br STAR Methods br Author Contributions br Acknowledgments T

  2019-10-07

  

  STAR★Methods Author Contributions Acknowledgments The authors thank Monika Kuhn for excellent technical assistance and Dr. Antje Schäfer for valuable scientific input. H.S. was supported by the DFG (FZ 82; Graduate School of Life Sciences and SCHI 425-6/1), and A.V.S. by Northwestern Univer

• As before all calculations are

  2019-10-07

  

  As before  [3], [4], all calculations are based on thermodynamically first- and second-order hydropathic (amino acid) scales  [6], [7], linearly scaled to a common center and a common range for each of the 20 amino acids. These are then converted to a triangular matrix , where is the length of a s

• As the angular structure of compound

  2019-10-07

  

  As the angular structure of compound cannot be differentiated from the linear structure by H NMR spectroscopy, a NOESY NMR experiment was performed to unambiguously characterize the regioselectivity of the final compound. In the linear compound , a signature correlation between the proton of the t

• br Materials and methods br Results

  2019-10-07

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion This study is the first to our knowledge that describes upstream cis-elements and transcription factors that are important for Crm1 expression and that drive its high expression in cancer and transformed cells. Using deletion and mutation analysis we

• Although differences in several nociceptive tests

  2019-10-07

  

  Although, differences in several nociceptive tests have previously been described across strains (Mogil et al., 1999), it is the first time that pain sensitivity in response to chemical and thermal stimuli has been evaluated in B6,129CRHtklee mice. Our results showed no differences in pain sensitivi

• br Materials and methods br

  2019-10-07

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion In the past decade, GWAS have attempted to identify genetic variants that confer risk for many human diseases, whose inherited components remain unexplained (Manolio et al., 2009). In a few cases risk variants identified by GWAS have paved the way fo

• br Study design br Results To explore potential

  2019-10-07

  

  Study design Results To explore potential differences in the volume the different swabs absorb, the loss of weight of tubes filled with water after soaking the different swabs under defined conditions was determined. This revealed that the different swabs absorbed between approximately 0.07 an

• RNA seq results also support the similarity between ESC and

  2019-10-07

  

  RNA-seq results also support the similarity between ESC- and YS-derived B-1 progenitors. Bmi1 expression, known as an important gene for self-renewal ability in stem cells, was reduced in ESC-derived B cells compared with YS-derived B cells, and Bmi1 overexpression improved the engraftment of ESC-de

• br Introduction The discoidin domain

  2019-10-05

  

  Introduction The discoidin domain receptors (DDRs), DDR1 and DDR2, are unique among the receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) in being activated by interaction with the extracellular matrix [1], [2]. Binding to triple-helical collagen is mediated by the receptor extracellular domains that include an N

• DDR distribution in healthy fibrotic and

  2019-10-05

  

  DDR1 distribution in healthy, fibrotic and inflamed tissues Whereas we can easily mine publicly available databases to infer DDR1 expression profile in different tissues (as reported in Fig. 1), fine comprehension of DDR1 biology has been hampered by the absence of a commercially available specific

• Imidazo purine diones were another cluster of compounds iden

  2019-10-05

  

  1-Imidazo[2,1-]purine-2,4(3,8)-diones were another cluster of compounds identified from the Chembridge screen (). A benzyl group at the R2 position was preferred over a phenyl or 2-phenylpropyl (. and ), and -substitution of the benzyl group increased potency to the nanomolar level ( IC=0.20μM . ).

• Furthermore we explored the effect of PKC on SIRT phosphoryl

  2019-10-05

  

  Furthermore, we explored the effect of PKCζ on SIRT6 phosphorylation. Accumulating data showed that aPKC isoforms are involved in regulating lipid metabolism [41], [42], [43], [44], [45], [46], [47]. The aPKC activity was reported to play a dominant role in normal insulin signaling by activating PI3

• It seems plausible that this ESC driven

  2019-10-05

  

  It seems plausible that this ESC-driven effect relies on a paracrine signaling. Numerous studies showed that the Fgf4 (fibroblast growth factor 4)/MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) pathway is involved in PE differentiation in mouse N1-Methylpseudo-UTP (Chazaud et al., 2006), (Frankenberg et a

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